Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error: A systematic review

Samantha Min Er Yew; Yibing Chen; Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh; David Ziyou Chen; Marcus Chun Jin Tan; Ching-Yu Cheng; Victor Teck Chang Koh; Yih Chung Tham

doi:10.1016/j.aopr.2024.06.005

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Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error: A systematic review

Review | 更新时间：2024-12-14

- Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error: A systematic review
- AOPR Vol. 4, Issue 3, Pages: 164-172(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,Singapore
  2. Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,Singapore
  3. School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University,Singapore
  4. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre,Singapore
  5. Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital,Singapore
  6. Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School,Singapore
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.1016/j.aopr.2024.06.005
  CLC：
- Published：2024，
- 稿件说明：
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SAMANTHA MIN ER YEW, YIBING CHEN, JOCELYN HUI LIN GOH, et al. Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error: A systematic review. [J]. Aopr, 2024, 4(3): 164-172.
DOI：

SAMANTHA MIN ER YEW, YIBING CHEN, JOCELYN HUI LIN GOH, et al. Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error: A systematic review. [J]. Aopr, 2024, 4(3): 164-172. DOI： 10.1016/j.aopr.2024.06.005.

摘要

Abstract

BackgroundUncorrected refractive error is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide and its increasing prevalent necessitates effective screening and management strategies. Meanwhile

deep learning

a subset of Artificial Intelligence

has significantly advanced ophthalmological diagnostics by automating tasks that required extensive clinical expertise. Although recent studies have investigated the use of deep learning models for refractive power detection through various imaging techniques

a comprehensive systematic review on this topic is has yet be done. This review aims to summarise and evaluate the performance of ocular image-based deep learning models in predicting refractive errors.Main textWe search on three databases (PubMed

Scopus

Web of Science) up till June 2023

focusing on deep learning applications in detecting refractive error from ocular images. We included studies that had reported refractive error outcomes

regardless of publication years. We systematically extracted and evaluated the continuous outcomes (sphere

cylinder) and categorical outcomes (myopia)

ground truth measurements

ocular imaging modalities

deep learning models

and performance metrics

adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Nine studies were identified and categorised into three groups: retinal photo-based (n = 5)

OCT-based (n = 1)

and external ocular photo-based (n = 3).For high myopia prediction

retinal photo-based models achieved AUC between 0.91 and 0.98

sensitivity levels between 85.10% and 97.80%

and specificity levels between 76.40% and 94.50%. For continuous prediction

retinal photo-based models reported MAE ranging from 0.31D to 2.19D

and

between 0.05 and 0.96. The OCT-based model achieved an AUC of 0.79–0.81

sensitivity of 82.30% and 87.20% and specificity of 61.70%–68.90%. For external ocular photo-based models

the AUC ranged from 0.91 to 0.99

sensitivity of 81.13%–84.00% and specificity of 74.00%–86.42%

MAE ranges from 0.07D to 0.18D and accuracy ranges from 81.60% to 96.70%. The reported papers collectively showed promising performances

in particular the retinal photo-based and external eye photo -based DL models.ConclusionsThe integration of deep learning model and ocular imaging for refractive error detection appear promising. However

their real-world clinical utility in current screening workflow have yet been evaluated and would require thoughtful consideration in design and implementation.

关键词

Keywords

Deep learningArtificial intelligenceRefractive errorRetinal imagesOpticalCoherence TomographyPhotorefractionOcular imagesPrediction

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